KLINIK ENDODONTIYADA IRRIGATSION ERITMALAR: TURLARI, XUSUSIYATLARI VA FAOLLASHTIRISH MEXANIZMLARI
Abstrakt
Mavzuning dolzarbligi. Endodontik davolash jarayonida ildiz kanallarini samarali dezinfeksiya qilish — davolash muvaffaqiyatining asosiy omillaridan biridir. Kanallarning murakkab anatomik tuzilishi, nekrotik qatlamining hosil bo‘lishi va bakterial bioplyonkalarning mavjudligi to‘liq tozalash va dezinfeksiya qilishni murakkablashtiradi. Shu bois, irrigatsiya eritmalari va ularni faollashtirish usullarini chuqur o‘rganish dolzarbdir. Sodium gipoxlorit (NaOCl), EDTA va boshqa irrigantlarning xususiyatlari, samaradorligi va xavfsizlik darajasini aniqlash orqali optimal klinik protokollarni ishlab chiqish imkoniyati yaratiladi. Xususan, passiv ultrasonik irrigatsiya (PUI) kabi faollashtirish texnologiyalarining bioqatlamlarni yo‘qotishdagi ustunliklarini aniqlash amaliyotchi stomatologlar uchun katta ahamiyat kasb etadi. Tadqiqot materiallari va usullari. Adabiyotlar sharhi 2000–2024 yillarda chop etilgan ilmiy maqolalar tahliliga asoslanadi. Maqolalar PubMed, Scopus va Web of Science bazalaridan qidirildi. Qidiruv kalit so‘zlari “endodontik irrigatsiya”, “ildiz kanali dezinfeksiyasi”, “irrigantlarni faollashtirish” va “sodium gipoxlorit endodontikasi” bo‘ldi. Dastlab 86 maqola aniqlanib, 48 tasi mavzuga dolzarb deb topildi. Tanlash mezonlari irrigatsiya eritmalari kimyoviy tarkibi va samaradorligi, irrigatsiya protokollarining taqqoslovchi tahlili hamda irrigantlarni faollashtirish mexanizmlarini o‘z ichiga oldi. Asosiy e’tibor NaOCl, EDTA, CHX, MTAD va QMix irrigantlarining fizik-kimyoviy xususiyatlari va faollashtirish usullari (ultrasonik, sonik, lazer yordamida) tahliliga qaratildi. Tadqiqot natijalari. Sodium gipoxlorit (NaOCl) keng spektrli antimikrobiyal va to‘qima erituvchi xususiyatlari bilan “oltin standart” irrigant sifatida e’tirof etildi. 17% EDTA nekrotik qatlamni to’liq eritib tashladi. 2% xlorgeksidin uzoq muddatli antimikrobiyal ta’sir ko‘rsatdi, biroq to‘qima eritish xususiyati yo‘q. Zamonaviy MTAD va QMix eritmalari ko‘p funksiyali bo‘lib, istiqbolli natijalar ko‘rsatdi. Meta-tahlillar NaOCl va EDTA kombinatsiyasini ultrasonik faollashtirish bilan qo‘llash eng samarali natijalarni berishini ko‘rsatdi. Optimal klinik protokol sifatida NaOCl bilan boshlang‘ich irrigatsiya, 17% EDTA bilan oraliq yuvish va yakuniy NaOCl yuvish tavsiya etildi; barcha bosqichlarda ultrasonik faollashtirish qo‘llandi. Xulosa. Irrigatsiya endodontik davolash muvaffaqiyatini ta’minlashda muhim ahamiyatga ega. NaOCl o‘zining antimikrobiyal va to‘qima erituvchi xususiyatlari bilan asosiy irrigantdir, EDTA esa nekrotikva bakterial qatlamni olib tashlashda samarali yordamchi hisoblanadi. Faollashtirish usullari, ayniqsa ultrasonik irrigatsiya, irrigant samaradorligini oshirib, bioplyonkanini yo‘qotishda ustunlik ko‘rsatadi. Optimal protokollar NaOCl va EDTA ni ultrasonik faollashtirish bilan birlashtirish orqali maksimal dezinfeksiya va kam xavfli natijalarni ta’minlaydi.
Nashr sanasi
Mualliflar haqida
Adabiyotlar ro'yxati
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