RECURRENT PREECLAMPSIA
Abstract
Recurrent preeclampsia is one of the most clinically significant forms of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, associated with increased risks for both the mother and the fetus. The recurrence of preeclampsia warrants particular attention in terms of pathophysiological understanding, early identification of risk factors, and the development of preventive strategies. Materials and methods of the study.This review synthesizes current literature retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and the Cochrane Library. The selection included original studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical guidelines published primarily over the past ten years. Special emphasis was placed on studies addressing recurrent preeclampsia, its long-term consequences, and individualized management approaches.
Keywords:
About the Authors
List of references
Elizabeth M.C., Sara N.I., Katherine L.G. et al. Early preterm preeclampsia outcomes by intended mode of delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Jan;220(1):100.e1‑100.e9.
Roberge S., Bujold E., Nicolaides K.H. et al. Aspirin for the prevention of preterm and term preeclampsia: systematic review and meta‑analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2018;218:287‑293. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.11.561.
Rahnemaei F.A., Fashami M.A., Abdi F. et al. Factors effective in the prevention of preeclampsia: a systematic review. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2020;59:173‑182. DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2020.01.002.
Espinoza J., Vidaeff A., Pettker C.M. et al. Gestational hypertension and preeclampsia: ACOG practice bulletin, number 222. Obstet Gynecol. 2020;135:E237‑E260. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000003891.
Mou A.D., Barman Z., Hasan M. et al. Prevalence of preeclampsia and the associated risk factors among pregnant women in Bangladesh. Sci Rep. 2021;11:21339. DOI: 10.1038/s41598‑021‑00839‑w.
Benschop L., Schelling S.J.C., Duvekot J.J. et al. Cardiovascular health and vascular age after severe pre‑eclampsia: a cohort study. Atherosclerosis. 2020;292:136‑142. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.11.023. PMID: 31805453.
Brouwers L., van der Meiden‑van Roest A.J., Savelkoul C. et al. Recurrence of pre‑eclampsia and the risk of future hypertension and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta‑analysis. BJOG. 2018;125(13):1642‑1654. DOI: 10.1111/1471‑0528.15394. PMID: 29978553.
Witvrouwen I., Mannaerts D., Van Berendoncks A.M. et al. The effect of exercise training during pregnancy to improve maternal vascular health: focus on gestational hypertensive disorders. Front Physiol. 2020;11:450. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00450.
Perry A., Stephanou A., Rayman M.P. et al. Dietary factors that affect the risk of pre‑eclampsia. BMJ Nutr Prev Health. 2022;5:118‑133. DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph‑2021‑000399.
Jayet P.Y., Rimoldi S.F., Stuber T. et al. Pulmonary and systemic vascular dysfunction in young offspring of mothers with preeclampsia. Circulation. 2010;122.
Brown M.A., Magee L.A., Kenny L.C. et al. The hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: ISSHP classification, diagnosis & management recommendations for international practice. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2018;13:291‑310. DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2018.05.004.
Voskamp L., Rousian M., Koerts J.J. et al. Risk factors for chronic hypertension 5 years after a pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta‑analysis. J Hypertens. 2024;42(Suppl 1):e56. DOI: 10.1097/01.hjh.0001019792.36399.31.
Dong X., Han M., Zeb S. et al. Active management reduces the incidence of recurrent pre-eclampsia and improves maternal and fetal outcomes in women with recurrent pre-eclampsia. Front Med. 2021;8:658022. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.658022.
Steinthorsdóttir V., McGinnis R., Williams N.O. et al. Genetic predisposition to hypertension is associated with pre-eclampsia in European and Central Asian women. Nat Commun. 2020;11:5976. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19733-6.
Kivioja A., Toivonen E., Tyrmi J. et al. Increased risk of preeclampsia in women with a genetic predisposition to elevated blood pressure. Hypertension. 2022;79(9):2008–2015. DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.18996. PMID: 35862124.
Chaemsaithong P., Sahota D.S., Poon L.C. First trimester preeclampsia screening and prediction. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2022;226:S1071–S1097.e2. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.07.020.
Von Dadelszen P., Magee L.A., Roberts J.M. Subclassification of preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2003;22:143–148. DOI: 10.1081/PRG-120021060.
Cunningham F.G., Leveno K.J., Bloom S.L. et al. Williams Obstetrics. 25th ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 2022. p. 1086–1089.
Zhang M., Wan P., Ng K. et al. Preeclampsia among African American pregnant women: an update on prevalence, complications, etiology, and biomarkers. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2020;75:111–120. DOI: 10.1097/OGX.0000000000000747.
Arzikulov A.Sh., Rasul-Zade Y.G., Meliyeva D.A., Arzibekov A.G. Outcomes of perinatal pathology in neonates of mothers with preeclampsia. //Perinatology - Journal of Perinatal and Neonatal Care.-2025.-V.26, Issue 1.-P.23-28.
Arzikulov A.Sh., Rasul-Zade Y.G, Melieva, D. A., Arzibekov A.G. Outcomes of Perinatal phatology in Newborn from mothers with Earli Pre-Eclampsia. American Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences 2024, 14(8): 2070-2073
DOI: 10.5923/j.ajmms.20241408.26
Baroutis D., Katsianou E., Athanasiou D. et al. DASH Diet and Preeclampsia Prevention: A Literature Review. Nutrients. 2025;17(12):2025. DOI: 10.3390/nu17122025. PMID: 40573136.
Committee on Practice Bulletins—Obstetrics. Gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 222. Obstet Gynecol. 2020;135(6):e237–e260. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000003891. PMID: 32443079.
de Oliveira L.F., Bernardes K.R., do Nascimento J.H.M. et al. Predictive value of first trimester serum markers and uterine artery Doppler for preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2020;7:423. DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00423. PMID: 32850936.
Yang Y., Wu N. Gestational diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia: correlation and influencing factors. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022;9:831297. DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.831297. PMID: 35252402.
Duhig K., Vandermolen B., Shennan A. Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of pre-eclampsia. F1000Res. 2018;7:242. DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.12249.1.
Yang Y., Le Ray I., Zhu J. et al. Preeclampsia prevalence, risk factors, and pregnancy outcomes in Sweden and China. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4:e218401. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.8401.
Zhang M., Wan P., Ng K. et al. Preeclampsia among African American pregnant women: an update on prevalence, complications, etiology, and biomarkers. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2020;75:111–120. DOI: 10.1097/OGX.0000000000000747.
Johnson J.D., Louis J.M. Does race or ethnicity play a role in the origin, pathophysiology, and outcomes of preeclampsia? An expert review of the literature. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2022;226:S876–S885. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.07.038.
Dröge L.A., Perschel F.H., Stütz N. et al. Prediction of preeclampsia-related adverse outcomes with the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio in clinical routine: a real-world study. Hypertension. 2021;77(2):461–471.
DOI:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15146.
Carver S., Rix C., Hauptmann M. et al. Impact of maternal antiangiogenic profile on early motor development of preterm infants. Front Endocrinol. 2021;12:913514. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.913514.
Chatzakis C., Liberis A., Zavlanos A. et al. Early delivery versus expectant management for late preterm preeclampsia: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2021;100(8):1392–1400. DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14149.
Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Louis J.M., Parchem J.G. et al. Report and recommendations of the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine and the Preeclampsia Foundation on preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2022;227(5 Suppl B):B2–B20. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.07.001.
Sheen J.-J., Huang Y., Andrikopoulou M. et al. Maternal age and preeclampsia outcomes during delivery hospitalizations. Am J Perinatol. 2020;37:44–52. DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1694794.
Tyas B.D., Lestari P., Akbar M.I.A. Maternal perinatal outcomes related to advanced maternal age in preeclampsia pregnant women. J Family Reprod Health. 2019;13:191–200. DOI: 10.18502/jfrh.v13i4.2646.
Mayrink J., Souza R.T., Feitosa F.E. et al. Incidence and risk factors for preeclampsia in a cohort of healthy nulliparous pregnant women: a nested case-control study. Sci Rep. 2019;9:9517. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46011-3.
How to Cite
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.