Farg‘ona viloyatida yod bilan ta’minlanganlik va qalqonsimon bez funksional holati
Qabul qilingan: 2026-05-24
Nashr etilgan: 2026-09-30
Annotatsiya
Dolzarbligi. Yod tanqisligi qalqonsimon bez kasalliklarining asosiy oldini olsa bo‘ladigan sababi hisoblanadi. O‘zbekistonda yodlangan tuz dasturiga qaramay, yod bilan ta’minlanganlik hududlar bo‘yicha notekis bo‘lib qolmoqda, Farg‘ona vodiysida esa siydikdagi yod konsentratsiyasi va qalqonsimon bez funksiyasi o‘rtasidagi bog‘liqlik kam o‘rganilgan.
Maqsad. Farg‘ona viloyatining 6 ta hududida o‘rta yoshli erkaklarda yod bilan ta’minlanganlik va qalqonsimon bez funksional holatini baholash hamda ular o‘rtasidagi bog‘liqlikni aniqlash.
Materiallar va usullar. 2025-yil may – 2026-yil avgust oylarida Beshariq, Dang‘ara, O‘zbekiston, Quva, Yozyovon tumanlari va Farg‘ona shahrida 36–58 yoshdagi 175 nafar erkak maqsadli (tasodifiy bo‘lmagan) tanlanma asosida tekshirildi. Siydikdagi yod konsentratsiyasi (SYK) bir martalik ertalabki siydik namunasida Sandell–Kolthoff usulida, TTG, erkin T4 va erkin T3 immunoferment usulida aniqlandi, qalqonsimon bez ultratovush tekshiruvi o‘tkazildi.
Natijalar. Umumiy tanlanmada SYK mediani 85 mkg/l bo‘lib, 111 nafar (63,4%) shaxsda 100 mkg/l dan past bo‘ldi. Hududlar o‘rtasida yod tanqisligi uchrashi bo‘yicha statistik ahamiyatli farq aniqlanmadi (58,6–70,4%; p=0,95). SYK TTG bilan kuchli teskari (r=-0,88), erkin T4 bilan to‘g‘ri (r=0,69) bog‘liqlikka ega bo‘ldi (p<0,001). SYK 100 mkg/l va undan yuqori bo‘lganda gipotireoz 9,4%, 50–99 mkg/l da 83,5%, 50 mkg/l dan pastda 100% holatda aniqlandi; manifest gipotireoz ulushi mos ravishda 0%, 16,5% va 80,8% ni tashkil etdi. SYK har 10 mkg/l ga oshganda gipotireoz ehtimoli 3,2 baravar kamaydi (OR=0,31; p<0,001). Yod tanqisligida erkin T3/erkin T4 nisbati oshdi (p<0,001), erkin T3 esa o‘zgarmadi.
Xulosa. O‘rganilgan tanlanmada yod bilan ta’minlanganlikning yetarli emasligi tez-tez uchradi va qalqonsimon bez funksiyasining pasayishi bilan dozaga bog‘liq ravishda bog‘landi. SYK 50 mkg/l dan past bo‘lgan shaxslar manifest gipotireoz bo‘yicha yuqori xavf guruhini tashkil etadi. Tanlanma maqsadli tuzilgani sababli aniqlangan ulushlar viloyat aholisidagi tarqalish ko‘rsatkichi sifatida talqin qilinmasligi kerak.
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