SURUNKALI BUYRAK KASALLIKLARI BOʻLGAN BOLALARDA ANEMIYANING TARQALGANLIGI VA ASOSIY MUAMMOLARI
Abstrakt
Dolzarbligi. Soʻnggi yillarda surunkali buyrak kasalliklari (SBK) butun dunyoda sogʻliqni saqlash tizimi uchun jiddiy muammoga aylandi. SBKdan oʻlim holatlari yil sayin oʻsib bormoqda va prognozlarga koʻra, 2040-yilga borib bu kasalliklar oʻlim sabablari ichida beshinchi oʻringa chiqishi mumkin. Bolalarda SBK fonida anemiya rivojlanishi yuqori boʻlib, u yurak-qon tomir asoratlari va hayot sifatining pasayishi bilan kechadi. Shuningdek, anemiyani vaqtida aniqlamaslik va samarali davolamaslik SBKning progressiyasini tezlashtiradi. Shu sababli, bolalarda SBK bilan bogʻliq anemiyani oldini olish va samarali davolash usullarini takomillashtirish dolzarb ahamiyatga ega. Tadqiqot maqsadi. Surunkali buyrak kasalliklari boʻlgan bolalarda anemiyaning tarqalganligi, uning rivojlanish sabablari va mavjud davolash usullarining samaradorligini tahlil qilish. Materiallar va usullar. Tahlil jarayonida xalqaro maʼlumotlar bazalari — PubMed, Scopus, Mendeley, Cyberleninka va milliy elektron manbalardan foydalanildi. “Chronic kidney disease in children, anaemia, treatment, prevention” hamda “bolalarda surunkali buyrak kasalliklari, anemiya, profilaktika” kabi kalit soʻzlar asosida qidiruv amalga oshirildi. 175 dan ortiq ilmiy manbalar oʻrganilib, ulardan 38 ta ilmiy ish chuqur tahlil qilindi. Olingan natijalar. Dunyo boʻyicha SBK bilan kasallanish holatlari 1990-yildan 2021-yilgacha ikki baravar oshgan. Bolalarda ham SBK tarqalganlik darajasi kattalarniki bilan deyarli teng ekani aniqlangan. SBK anemiya uchrash darajasi kasallikning bosqichlariga bogʻliq. SBK 3-5 darajalari boʻlgan bolalarning deyarli 80-90% anemiya uchraydi. Anemiyaning asosiy sabablaridan biri buyrak tomonidan eritropoetin ishlab chiqarilishining kamayishi boʻlib, u boshlangʻich bosqichlardayoq kuzatiladi. Anemiyani davolashda shifokorlar qator muammolarga duch kelishadi. Xulosa. SBK boʻlgan bolalarda anemiya keng tarqalgan va uning ogʻirlik darajasi buyrak yetishmovchiligi bosqichiga bogʻliq. Anemiyani oldini olish uchun gemoglobin va ferritin darajalarini muntazam nazorat qilish, infeksiya manbalarini barvaqt aniqlash, temir va eritropoezni ragʻbatlantiruvchi preparatlarni individual tanlash muhim. Kompleks va individual yondashuv SBK fonidagi anemiya asoratlarini kamaytirish va bolalarda hayot sifatini yaxshilashga xizmat qiladi.
Nashr sanasi
Mualliflar haqida
Adabiyotlar ro'yxati
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